A concept mission for the Stellar Population and Evolution with Cubesats (SPEC)

Binary or multiple stellar systems, constituting almost a third of the content of the Milky Way, represent a high priority astronomical target due to their repercussions on the stellar dynamical and evolutionary parameters. Moreover the spectral study of such class of stars allows to better constrain the evolutionary theories of the Galactic stellar populations. By resolving the members of stellar systems through photometric observations we are able to perform more detailed measurements to infer their mass. In this paper we investigate the feasibility of a cubesat based mission including an optical payload to directly optically discriminate the members of a selected sample of binary systems. The scientific targets, consisting 11?M class dwarf stars binary systems, have been extracted from the already studied Riaz catalogue. These subset has been selected considering the star distance, the members angular separation, and the distance from the Galactic plane (due to limit the background and foreground contamination). The satellite concept is based on a 6 unit Cubesat embedding some commercial off the shelf components and an ad hoc designed optical payload occupying almost 4 units. The optical configuration has been chosen in order to fit the angular resolution requirements, as derived from the target characteristics. Moreover, according to the optical analysis and the computed field of view some requirements on the attitude control system have been inferred and fulfilled by the component selection. The paper is organized as in the following: a brief scientific introduction is made; consequently the project is described with particular attention to the optical design and the standard sub-systems; finally the conclusions are drawn and the future perspectives are investigated.     

前后缘型线同时可控的乘波体设计

提出了一种前后缘型线同时可控的乘波体设计方法,在马赫数可控的外锥形曲面基准流场中,结合流线追踪技术和混合函数,实现了椭圆前缘转椭圆后缘的乘波体设计,并在设计点(Ma=6.0)和接力点(Ma=4.0)对其进行数值仿真研究。前后缘同时可控的乘波体在型面剧烈过渡处产生了较弱的激波,出口两侧存在高温高压区,后部对称面附近的激波形状由圆弧变为平直线且出口处流场基本均匀,非常有利于与进气道匹配设计。另外,该乘波体具有较高的容积率和预压缩效率,附面层修正后的容积率为0.24,设计点时乘波特性较好,接力点时前部完全乘波,具有较高的升阻比,有黏条件下设计点和接力点的升阻比分别为2.54和2.41。此外,与给定前缘的乘波体相比,其升力、阻力、俯仰力矩和出口增压比都有明显增加,但是升阻比和出口总压恢复系数有所降低,在设计点无黏升阻比由3.56降为3.00。以上研究表明,本文的设计方法可行且更加灵活,拓宽了乘波体的选择范围。     

基于脉冲交错的数字阵列雷达任务优化调度算法

针对数字阵列雷达搜索、跟踪和成像任务的资源调度问题,提出一种数字阵列雷达(DAR)任务的优化调度算法。该算法以脉冲交错技术为基础,在对目标搜索与跟踪的同时,利用基于压缩感知的稀疏孔径认知逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像方法对部分精密跟踪目标成像,并采用观测时间动态调整策略以提高雷达系统的自适应能力。仿真结果表明,与传统雷达资源调度算法相比,该算法可以将成像任务考虑到优化调度模型中并合理分配资源,实现雷达多任务并行的调度,获得更高的资源利用率与期望的成像质量。     

多电飞机混合储能系统的设计与仿真

多电飞机直流配电系统是电功率传输的核心,由于涡轮电机的单向性,系统并不完全可逆。为了维持直流汇流条的稳定、提高能源效率,需建立相应的存储和消耗系统。研究了一种带有超级电容器的多电飞机储能系统,分析了该系统中超级电容器的作用及其控制策略,根据超级电容器本身的特性利用Matlab/Simulink软件建立相应仿真模型,并针对于飞机电网突加和突卸负载时电压不同状态设计了相应控制策略,通过仿真实验验证了带有超级电容器的混合储能系统的有效性。     

热处理对砂型铸造Mg-Gd-Y合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

通过金相观察(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及拉伸测试系统地表征和研究了热处理对砂型铸造Mg-Gd-Y合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。研究表明:固溶态GW94、GW74、GW44合金主要由α-Mg过饱和固溶体、铸态残留相Mg5(Gd,Y)以及固溶过程形成的方块相组成。随着Gd含量的增加,固溶态Mg-Gd-Y合金中方块相的体积分数不断增加;在同一时效温度下,合金达到时效峰值的时效时间缩短;室温下拉伸的固溶态、时效峰值态合金以及200和250℃下拉伸的时效峰值态合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度不断提高(固溶态合金屈服强度先降低后升高),但是伸长率却是不断降低。时效峰值态GW94合金表现出优越的力学性能,室温时其抗拉强度和屈服强度分别为300、247 MPa,而伸长率仅为0.9%;200和250℃拉伸时,时效峰值态GW94合金抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为329、234 MPa和2.6%以及312、233 MPa和2.7%。时效峰值态GW94、GW74合金出现抗拉强度随温度升高而升高的反常力学行为。     

压气机转子叶片的抑颤设计(“两机”专刊)

以一高压压气机转子叶片为对象开展了叶片抑颤工程设计方法研究,采用基于相位延迟边界条件的能量法和特征值法对原转子叶片模型的气动弹性稳定性进行评估,通过分析近失速工况下的非定常气动功密度分布,对叶片安装角沿径向分布、弦长和叶尖间隙等设计参数进行调整,以明确各参数对气动弹性稳定性的影响,最终达到提高气动阻尼的目的。研究结果表明：叶尖间隙对气动阻尼的影响较大,安装角次之,弦长影响相对较小。叶片气动阻尼随叶尖间隙的变化并非单调,而是存在一个叶尖间隙使其气动阻尼最小,即叶片气动弹性稳定性最差。减小进口气流攻角和增加折合频率,能够提高气动阻尼,设计中可以通过调节安装角来减小气流攻角,增加弦长来增大折合频率。     

民机机载系统网络安保适航政策分析

随着信息化、网络化技术的不断发展,机上互连接口的数量和种类越来越多,在带来性能提升的同时也引入了安保风险,给民机安全性带来了挑战。梳理了新一代民机内部网络域、外部网络域的接口类型,总结了国际民航组织、美国联邦航空局、欧洲航空安全局等各机构针对网络安保问题的审定政策,分析机载网络安保相关的工业标准及审定要求,给出了在实际审定中的审定要素和要求。本研究可为我国民机机载系统网络的适航审定提供理论支撑。     

帆板控制系统设计

该帆板控制系统采用塑料薄膜电位器作为传感器检测角度信号,检测到的角度信号经信号处理电路送12位的串行接口A/D转换器ADS7818进行数字化转换,转化结果由Cortex-M3处理器LM3S615进行处理产生PWM控制信号,该控制信号经功率VMOS驱动电路实现轴流电扇的速度调节,从而实现帆板角度定位闭环控制。通过按键可以实现帆板角度的设定及运行控制,设置六位LED数码管显示实现角度及其它运行状态的显示。经过实际测试该系统完全达到了设计要求的各项指标要求。     

运动的核弹比静止的核弹威力小?——多普勒效应、红移、光行差和动体的质能当量关系

证明爱因斯坦立足于光速不变假设和长度收缩假设的洛伦茨变换未能正确地解释多普勒效应、红移和光行差现象;他也未能给出正确的动体的质能当量关系.作者立足于完全符合相对性原理的伽利略变换,成功地解决了上述问题.     

The gas pixel detector as a solar X-ray polarimeter and imager

The Sun is the nearest astrophysical source with a very intense emission in the X-ray band. The study of energetic events, such as solar flares, can help us to understand the behaviour of the magnetic field of our star. There are in the literature numerous studies published about polarization predictions, for a wide range of solar flares models involving the emission from thermal and/or non-thermal processes, but observations in the X-ray band have never been exhaustive.The gas pixel detector (GPD) was designed to achieve X-ray polarimetric measurements as well as X-ray images for far astrophysical sources. Here we present the possibility to employ this instrument for the observation of our Sun in the X-ray band.